Shoe Horn Essay Essay Example for Free

Shoe Horn Essay Essay The use of distinctively visual elements allows responders to interpret and create meaning from otherwise complex concepts. John Misto’s play ‘The Shoe Horn Sonata’ and Mike Subritzky’s poem ‘Sister’ both challenges the audience’s interpretation of the traumatic experiences of war. Through a range of distinctly visual techniques both composers help create an understanding of the power of time and the human spirit as overcoming adversity of war. As Misto’s The Shoe Horn Sonata develops, the distinctly visual stage positioning of Bridie and Sheila changes to demonstrate how the protagonists’ friendship strengthens over time. Initially Bridie and Sheila are seated at a distance for each other, demonstrating the need for them to reveal their stories as a way of overcoming the metaphorical barriers created by the war. Whilst this metaphorical barrier creates a tone of tension, during their reconciliation a contrast in characterisation occurs. The protagonists now hold hands and sit beside each other on stage. This contrasts creates a shift in tone from one of dissonance to one of hope and friendship. Misto’s use of juxtaposed distinctively visual stage positioning allows the audience to recognise that time has allowed the protagonists to resolve their relationship flaws, and therefore shows how their relationship has changed over time from one of incongruence to one of togetherness. Despite the growth in Bridie and Sheila’s relationship however distinctively visual projected imagery is used to portray that while time can help heal bad experiences, it cannot completely erase these memories. Through strategic stage positioning, Misto places Sheila beneath projected images of â€Å"Starving male prisoners† as â€Å"she does some of kind of needlework with great intensity†. By positioning such distinctive and confronting images above Sheila, Misto shows that even when doing simple tasks such as needlework, the memories of war will always remain at the fore of the protagonists’ minds. This positioning acts as a metaphor for the great impact of the war and the difficulty in erasing these memories. This helps responders understand the protagonist’s difficulties in connecting with each other and their world. Misto’s utilisation of the recurring motif of music demonstrates the poetic and admirable friendship and bond these women have created and the power this bond has had in helping them to overcome the atrocities of the war. Music imagery is also reflected in the plays title ‘Sonata’, which evokes connotations of dual courage, strength and faith, rising as one to overcome past atrocities. The ‘Sonata’ acts as a symbolic metaphor for both Bridie and Sheila, their friendship, and how that relationship has allowed them to overcome their past wartime experiences, whilst reconciling in the present. The use of such powerful and distinctive visual imagery therefore creates awareness of the atrocities of war and helps responders’ honour people who endured such atrocities. The power of the human spirit in times of war is also addressed in Mike Subritzky’s Poem Sister. Distinctively visual repetition and personification help responders understand the violence and bloodshed of the Vietnam War. Repetition of blood imagery in â€Å"Bloodied, broken bodies†¦Bloody combat gear’ alludes to the prevalence of death during the War, thereby allowing the responder to better understand the feelings of helplessness and misery faced by wounded soldiers. The strength of humanity is symbolised in the characterisation of the nurse who acts as the vehicle of hope to the dying soldiers. The nurse comes to be a visual symbol of courage and hope throughout the poem. When juxtaposed against the imagery of death and dying soldiers – â€Å"Young lives ebbed away† Subritzky creates a sense of hope for humanity in their most extreme hour. Furthermore, by hyperbolising the loss of hope in â€Å"I kept the faith when even hope was lost† th e nurse is depicted as being the guiding light and life force for soldiers close to death. By highlighting the humility and selflessness of the nurse, responders become aware of the strength of the human spirit in times of hardship and its ability to make easier very difficult situations. Much like the preceding texts Guo Jian’s painting ‘The day before I went away’ alludes to the atrocities of war, although does so in a satirical way. Through the use of distinctively visual heightened colour and flat surface painting technique, the smiling faced captures the attention of the responder to convey the illusion that the military is a joyful experience  created by Chinese propaganda. The juxtaposed characterisation between the glamorous singer in the foreground and grinning soldiers in the background who are set before a looming tank depicts that although propaganda had the initial feel of ‘inviting’ the reality of war is backgrounded and hidden. The salient feature of the image is the glamorous singer, who is toned lighter than the rest of the picture, creating a tone of innocence. She has an outstretched hand, grasping onto the responder of the poster and pulling them into the military. Through distinctively visual elements we as the r esponder become privy to the falsity of wartime propaganda. The illusion of soldiers happiness when serving their country is contrasted against the harsh reality of the dangers of war symbolised in the thank trapped within the brinks of the painting, as a symbol of their sound and government constraints from which they are unable to escape without falling into dishonour.

Effect of Inter-professional Team on Collaborative Working

Effect of Inter-professional Team on Collaborative Working How Communication within an Inter-professional Team Can Affect Collaborative Working Strategies Introduction Schwartz, Lowe Sinclair (2010) have stated that effective communication is very important for a health care professional and service user to interaction with each other successful and also between the health care professionals. according to Weiss Tappen (2014),P98 Communication is considered to be a core competency in promoting inter-professional collaborative practice. This assignment will identify and discuss the differences within the inter-professional and collaborative working strategies, which can help health care professionals overcome any boundaries within different professions. The assignment will also looked at the knowledge and skills which are vital in order to show autonomy in practice this help nurses to improved their level of interaction with different professionals within the an inter-professional team. Anderson(2013), have stated that communication is vital in nursing profession this is due to the nursing practice on a daily basis is build on collaborating or working with different professionals. (Garwood, Lingard et al, 2005) reported that when medical errors take place, the reasons for the error are often traced back to breakdowns in communication between members of the healthcare team. It has been stated by Goodman and clemow(2010) nursing profession is not a solitary profession. Nurses should therefore be able communicate effectively with different professionals in order to work as a part of the team and interact successfully. If nurses can maintain this positive attitude of working in inter-professional collaborative working strategies and communicate effective, this will not only benefit the patient centre care but it will also reduce the conflict within different professions. Anderson (1990) stated that active listening is a process that requires energy and concentration to avoid one missing major points which would in turn compromise delivering quality care to the service users. This has been evidenced in both Victoria Climbie baby P cases and Mid Staffordshire(Francis report 2013) where there was a lack of communication and collaboration among the inter-professional group which led to fatal incidents in both cases. According to (Hall and Weaver,2001) in order to improved the quality of the service user there has to be a good communication, collaboration and congruence among the health care provides. To be an effective collaborative worker. The Nursing Midwifery Council (NMC,2008) have state in the code of conduct that nurses must able to work effectively as a part of a team and this can only be achieved through if nurses are willing to sharing their knowledge, skills and experience with their colleagues. making consultations, taking advice when appropriate, and making referrals to other practitioners. cooperate with others in the team; maintain your professional knowledge and competence; be trustworthy and to act to identify and minimise risk to service users This strategy naturally entails communication with other professionals. Communication in this case can be verbal or non-verbal.when communicating with different professional it is vital that the language which is used during the communication is understood by all those whom are involved in the care of the service user. (Kourkouta Papathanasiou, 2014).What that means is that during inter-professional communication the language which is use should be formal and consistent. This is another way which help to improve inter-professional communication and enhance collaborative practice. Schwartz et al.(2010) have identify that one related problem which prevent effective development of inter-professional communication, which is development of a language that is different for every profession. Having a language which is only unique to one profession or discipline can seriously cause communication barrier within personnel from different professions or discipline(Schwartz et al.2010). Miscommunication could be due that health care professionals are unable to understand the information which been given , now this could be due to lack of shared understanding of commonly used acronyms , terms and concepts.( Schwartz et al.2010).This can have great impact of the quality of collaboration within professionals this could be due that they are unable to understand each other on easy way. In order to deal with this problem it is important to avoided use of medical jargon, especially when inter-professional team involved non-healthcare personnel. This issue of using medical jargon when communicating with non-healthcare personnel has been a hot topic during the lecture of Cares of Hertfordshire, they have stated that they wish that healthcare professional will communicate with them with the language that they understood not so many medical jargon that they do not understand and has not been explained to them in way that they could understand it. which is why it vital to recognize our own use of jargon and asked colleagues clarified unclear terminology and use jargon free language whenever is possible. Campbell(2006) Have reported that poor communication has frequently been cited as one of the biggest criticisms in health care settings. Another importance of collaboration is that it ensure the transfer of accurate information necessary to deliver appropriate care . Nurses have also been advice to adopt a structured format of verbal and non-verbal communication skill which is acceptable to all members of the inter-professional team. One structured which is common within the hospital known as SBAR,(Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendation) this method make inter-professional communication more effective and easy to understand and reduced any confusion . Narayan(2013,p504). According to Kourkouta Papathanasiou, (2014,p65) have stated that communication can happened even without words been said, which is it is important to recognise that non-verbal communication is quail important as verbal communication. Non-verbal communication is through body language and facial expression (Kourkouta Papathanasiou,2014 ) . This is why it is vital that nurses learn within early stage of their practice learn how read and understand other professionals non-verbal communication, which usually should use with spoken words, in order to fully understand the information communicate and eventually improve collaborative practice. It is important to have a clear and structured form of communication in order to prevent stereotyping and judgmental attitudes and unprofessional behaviours towards other members of staff. with this knowledge in hand it is important to make sure ones future professional judgement or decision are based on accurate information sharing, making sure that non-judgemental avoided misunderstanding and misconception when making decision. This is one of the reason why The NMC (2008,p5) states that nurses should be able to work cooperatively within teams and respect the skills, expertise and contribution of the others. another strategy of collaborative working is that always make sure that patients or service users are involved at any decision making regarding their acre. According to Beauchamp Childress (2001) the autonomy of services users should be respected and their decision-making capacity of independent person which enabling them as an individuals to make reasoned informed choices about their treatment. It is clear that nursing profession is like any other profession which requires a certain of independence from other professions even if the practice of nursing required ones to work collaborating with other professions. Dave (2009) have state that the role and responsibilities needs to be defined, challenged and task to be shared within health care profession this will enable both nurses and different other health care professions whom are also involved in service user care. Independent practice points to the concept of autonomy. Dewar (2010) states to be able to practice professional autonomy means that one is already in the advance practice of ones profession. Nurses should be able make clinical decision directly relating to their patients care in order to practice autonomy. It is important to know yourself and your capabilities, to understand what makes us do the things we do and why we do them. also to be self-aware. Self-awareness is a vital aspect of professional development. People are born into different backgrounds and are different in their ways, motivations, thoughts and beliefs; however as a professional, it is important to recognise how these affect others to be able to establish and maintain therapeutic relationships with patients. (Swapna ,2007) Knowing our own thoughts and feelings, strengths and weaknesses gives us the ability to guide us in our decision making, and also helps us to become more self-confident in our approaches The main priority of service improvement is to improve access for patients by engaging clinical teams to reduce waits and delays at all stages across a patient pathway. Service Improvement is achieved by looking for opportunities to redesign as well as ensuring that effective waiting list management practice is implemented. Conclusion Inter-professional communication gravely affects collaborative working strategies which use within an inter-professional team. It is core effect which is inefficient collaborative practice which enable to make sure high quality of care is deliver to the patients at all time. poor inter-professional communication can hinder collaboration within professionals and which in turned can have a greater impact on the quality of care which delivered to the patient. It is important to have good inter-professional communication and collaborative working practice in place to prevent any miscommunication happening within the health care. SBAR is one good example of using a formal structured language. It is also very important as a health care profession to remind ourselves to avoided using medical jargon . References Anderson, L. (2013). Why communication in the nursing profession is important? Retrieved May 10, 2015, fromhttp://www.nursetogether.com/why-communication-in-the-nursing-profession-is-important Anderson, C. (1990) Patient Teaching Communication in an Information Age. New York. Delmar Publishers Inc. Beauchamp T Childress J (2001) Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Oxford. Oxford University Press Dewar, K. (2010). Advanced practitioners and advanced practice. In: M. Standing (Ed.).Clinical judgement and decision-making in nursing and inter-professional.(pp. 28-53). Maidenhead: Open University Press. David Hutton (2009)Professional Advisor Revalidation, Nursing and Midwifery Council Preceptorship Framework for Newly Registered Nurses, Midwives and Allied Health Professionals Department of Health (2009) Goodman, B. and Clemow, R. (2010).Nursing and collaborative practice: A guide to interprofessional learning.London: SAGE. Francis (2013) Report on Mid Staffordshire Hospital. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government. Hall, P., Weaver, L. (2001). Interdisciplinary education and teamwork: A long and winding road. Medical Education, 35, 867 – 875. Joshi Swapna Ranade Sujata (2007)Model Answers in Obstetrics Nursing Published byJaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. The Nursing Midwifery Council (2008) Code of professional conduct: Standards for Conduct, Performance and Ethics. London. NMC Kourkouta, L. Papathanasiou, I. (2014). Communication in nursing practice.Mater Sociomed,26(1), 65-67. Narayan, M. (2013). Using SBAR communications in efforts to prevent patient rehospitalizations.Home Healthcare Nurse,31(9), 504-515. Rita Debnath Professional Skills in Nursing: A Guide for the Common Foundation Programme (Campbell 2006) Chapter 3 Communication Skills Schwartz, F., Lowe, M. Sinclair, L. (2010).Communication in health care: Considerations and strategies for successful consumer and team dialogue.Retrieved December 20, 2014, fromhttp://www.hypothesisjournal.com/?p=885 Thurgood, G. (2011). Teamwork: Working with other people. In: R. Burton G. Ormrod (Eds.).Nursing: Transition to professional practice.(pp.118-157). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Verhovsek, E., Byington, R. Deshkulkarni, S. (2013). Perceptions of interprofessional communication: Impact on patient care, occupational stress and job satisfaction.The Internet Journal of Radiology.12(2) Retrieved December 20, 2014,https://ispub.com/IJRA/12/2/4895 Weiss, S. Tappen, R. (2014).Essentials of nursing leadership and management.Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company. 09203474 Jarra jabang1

An Analysis Of The Genesis 22 Religion Essay

An Analysis Of The Genesis 22 Religion Essay The chapter begins with a pattern of introduction that usually suggests a new wave in the trend of events. And it came to pass after these things, that God did tempt Abrahamà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. In verse 20, the same introduction is used in stating that Abrahams brother Nahor had been born children by Milcah. It is known from the onset that God is testing Abraham. The primary aim of the test is to teach Abraham that obedience and commitment are vital to keeping covenants. Obedience to covenant obligations brings guarantee of the fulfilment of Gods promises and fresh bestowal of the blessings that go with covenant keeping. God calls Abraham to take his son Isaac, whom he loves very much to a land which he will show him and offer him for a burnt offering (verse 2). The practice of human sacrifice in ancient near-eastern society is here revealed. In verse 3, Abraham obeys Gods command without any grudges, rising up early in the morning and taking along with him the persons and materials needed to perform the sacrifice. His response to Gods call Behold, here I am shows Abraham has entrusted his future and life into Gods hands. He makes himself totally available for Gods purpose. The prophet Isaiah showed a similar attitude in his vision. Abraham surrenders totally to God knowing he was going to be the founding father of Israel. An important truth is learnt about what happens when Gods word is followed-up with obedience in verse 4. He lifted up his eyes and sees the place of the sacrifice from a distance. He did not need God to speak again for him to ascertain the place. Revelation and divine knowledge and insight follow obedience to the word. Verse 5 shows Abraham leaving his servants behind in the Journey and moving on with Isaac. It seems true worship is a personal thing that often involves the individual going beyond the point where most people can or are willing to go. His faith is unshaken in his confession that he and the lad will go, worship and come back. He understands this is a test and so far, he seems to be doing well. Isaac, the object of the worship is not oblivious of the happenings around him. He is aware a burnt offering is to be performed but does not see any lamb for it. This makes him curious, and even though he was later bound up by his father for the sacrifice, he did not resist ( 7-10 ). Abraham demonstrates his faith once again in God by assuring Isaac of Gods providence ( verse 8). In some way, the whole story is allegorical. Isaac is portrayed as a type of the Christ to come, for as Jesus carried his cross to the place of his crucifixion so Isaac carries the wood for the sacrifice demanded by God(22: 6). Abraham is seen often assuming the status of a god-figure. Twice he is called upon, both by God and Isaac and he responds, here I am'(1). His response with this phrase is reminiscent of the revelation of God(Yahweh) when He speaks to Moses( Ex. 3:14). In Jesus confrontation with the Pharisees, the same title he uses pitches him against them because they taught of him as a blasphemer equating himself with God. This same statement by Abraham is not only indicative of his total availability to God. It in some way makes the parallel of Abraham as a God-figure tenable in the same way that Isaac, the object of the sacrifice is representative of the true lamb in the new testament, Jesus Christ. Isaac carries the wood for the burnt offering ( 6 ), as Christ carries his cross. The place of the sacrifice in the land of Moriah( verse 2) is later seen in the mountain of Jerusalem where Solomon eventually built the temple of the Lord (2 Chron. 3: 1). It plays on the Hebrew word to see (raa) used by Abraham in verses 8 and 14 as to provide. The fact that Abraham was the first to offer a sacrifice there when he eventually offered the ram caught in the ticket shows that he first instituted true worship to God. He was the first to worship God there. It took Abraham three days to find the place of worship. This is probably a half-way point of the entire journey to and fro that would take about seven days. In verse 9, Isaac is bound by Abraham, ready to be slain, yet he does not resist even though his father had already told him that God will provide a lamb for the sacrifice. He is a type of the Christ described in Isaiah 53: 7 who as a lamb brought to the slaughter, opened not his mouth. Abrahams reply to Isaacs question that God will provide himself a lamb for the sacrifice (verse 8) is an act of his faith in God. He had earlier obeyed Gods command to go somewhere to sacrifice his son. Now, he has to assure his son that the object of the sacrifice will be provided. In verse 10, Abraham demonstrates his faith totally by stretching forth his hand with the knife to slay the lad. God sees Abrahams heart that he truly fears him and speaks through his angel from heaven. God is pleased with Abrahams willingness to entrust all his future into his hands. Verse 13 shows Abrahams faith yielding fruits. He had told his son that God will provide a lamb for the burnt offering. Now, the Lord has indeed provided. He sees a ram caught in a bush by its horns and uses it for the sacrifice. Abraham later calls the name of the place Jehovah-jireh, acknowledging that God had indeed seen to or provided. Verses 15- 18 is a re-affirmation of covenant promise by the same angel of the Lord that spoke earlier on. God gives his word through his angel in promise to Abraham that he will bless him and multiply his seed as the stars of the heaven because he has obeyed his voice, trusted him and was willing to sacrifice for covenant. His seed shall posses the gate of their enemies and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed through them. Covenant promise earlier made demands obedience and faithfulness. Now faithfulness in that covenant walk has brought more assurance of more blessings. In verse 19, Abraham returns to his servants and they go and dwell in Beersheba. The underlying theme in the story is the fact that human sacrifice which was a core part of societal life is here seen to be abolished and replaced with animal sacrifice. Infant sacrifice was customary to the nations that dwelt about Abraham and would later become an important practice in Israel (2 Kings 16: 3). Israels realization that the first born belongs to the Lord resulted in their seeking alternative sacrifice that would redeem the first born. Abraham pioneers Israels change from the practice of the other nations through Gods direction to redeem his son by the ram. In verses 21 to 24, the writer notes that Abraham receives news of the children that have been born to his brother Nahor through Milcah. Perhaps the news of multiple bodily fruitfulness is a sign of the promise by the angel of the Lord. The children born to Nahor are Huz, Buz, Kemuel, Chesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel. Rebekah, the wife Abrahams servant would later choose for Isaac is the daughter of Bethuel mentioned here. Kemuel is the father of Aram. Nahors concubine Reumah also bore him four children by name Tebah, Gaham, Thahash, and Maachah. This part of the chapter completes the geneology to the second generation of the children of Terah, besides the children born to Abraham by Keturah (25: 1-6). Abraham had fathered Isaac. Now, the younger brother Nahor has twelve children; eight by his wife Milcah, and four by his concubine Reumah. Jacob, Abrahams grandson would later have the same number of children by his wives and concubines. Out of the twelve children born to Nahor, three would become names of places or nations. In Genesis 10: 23, Uz is mentioned as a son of Aram. It is the homeland of Job (Job 1: 1). This is probably northern Edom. The country of Buz is the homeland of one of the friends of Job (32: 2). In Genesis 24:15, Bethuel is seen as a personage. Buz is home to one of Jobs friends ( Job32: 2). Hazu (and Bazu) are mentioned by the 7th century Assyrian king Esarhaddon. In short, Abrahams entire family is blessed even though his youngest sibling Ur, who had fathered Lot had died in Haran. Conclusion Faithfulness is key to keeping covenants. Afterwards, blessings follow. God is faithful. The question is; are we ready to walk in faith with him as Abraham did?

A Comparison of Primate and Dolphin Intelligence Essay -- Biology Essa

A Comparison of Primate and Dolphin Intelligence as a Metaphor for the Validity of Comparative Studies of Intelligence Primates and cetacean have been considered by some to be extremely intelligent creatures, second only to humans. Their exalted status in the animal kingdom has lead to their involvement in many experiments which hope to gain a better understanding of the basis of human intelligence. These experiments coupled with analysis of primate and cetaceans brain structure has lead to many theories as to the development of intelligence as a trait. Although these theories seem to be sound, there is some controversy over the degree to which non-human studies can be used to infer about the structure of human intelligence. By many of the physical methods of comparing intelligence, such as measuring the brain size to body size ratio, cetacean surpass non-human primates and even rival human beings. For example dolphins have a cerebral cortex which is about 40% larger a human being's. Their cortex is also stratified in much the same way as a humans(1). The frontal lobe of dolphins is also developed to a level comparable to humans. In addition the parietal lobe of dolphins which "makes sense of the senses" is larger than the human parietal and frontal lobes combined (1). The similarities do not end there, most cetaceans have large and well developed temporal lobes which contain sections equivalent to Broca's and Wernicke's areas in humans (1). Another major difference between primate and cetacean brains is that the primate brain favors the motor cortex, while "the cetaceans greatly favor the sensory region (and are not very balanced at all between the two)" (1). In the final measure of brain complexity, neural density ... ...hat the have a similar brain structure; behavior is way to species specific to be studied without the common thread of the brain. The study of non-human primates and dolphins has lead to many profound questions as to the nature of intelligence. And thought the answers provided to date have been disputed, the questions are not any less worth of being asked. But in order to get beyond the disputes, researchers must be willing to shed there antrocentric view of intelligence and accept that it is an trait which can evolve like any other trait. When this is done it may be finally possible to recognize the remarkable abilities that some many people seem to find in animals as evidence of animal intelligence not lesser human intelligence. Internet Sources: http://hcs.harvard.edu/~husn/BRAIN/vol2/Primate.html http://www.pigeon.psy.tufts.edu/psych26/history.htm A Comparison of Primate and Dolphin Intelligence Essay -- Biology Essa A Comparison of Primate and Dolphin Intelligence as a Metaphor for the Validity of Comparative Studies of Intelligence Primates and cetacean have been considered by some to be extremely intelligent creatures, second only to humans. Their exalted status in the animal kingdom has lead to their involvement in many experiments which hope to gain a better understanding of the basis of human intelligence. These experiments coupled with analysis of primate and cetaceans brain structure has lead to many theories as to the development of intelligence as a trait. Although these theories seem to be sound, there is some controversy over the degree to which non-human studies can be used to infer about the structure of human intelligence. By many of the physical methods of comparing intelligence, such as measuring the brain size to body size ratio, cetacean surpass non-human primates and even rival human beings. For example dolphins have a cerebral cortex which is about 40% larger a human being's. Their cortex is also stratified in much the same way as a humans(1). The frontal lobe of dolphins is also developed to a level comparable to humans. In addition the parietal lobe of dolphins which "makes sense of the senses" is larger than the human parietal and frontal lobes combined (1). The similarities do not end there, most cetaceans have large and well developed temporal lobes which contain sections equivalent to Broca's and Wernicke's areas in humans (1). Another major difference between primate and cetacean brains is that the primate brain favors the motor cortex, while "the cetaceans greatly favor the sensory region (and are not very balanced at all between the two)" (1). In the final measure of brain complexity, neural density ... ...hat the have a similar brain structure; behavior is way to species specific to be studied without the common thread of the brain. The study of non-human primates and dolphins has lead to many profound questions as to the nature of intelligence. And thought the answers provided to date have been disputed, the questions are not any less worth of being asked. But in order to get beyond the disputes, researchers must be willing to shed there antrocentric view of intelligence and accept that it is an trait which can evolve like any other trait. When this is done it may be finally possible to recognize the remarkable abilities that some many people seem to find in animals as evidence of animal intelligence not lesser human intelligence. Internet Sources: http://hcs.harvard.edu/~husn/BRAIN/vol2/Primate.html http://www.pigeon.psy.tufts.edu/psych26/history.htm

Descriptive Essay - Our Mountain Cabin -- Descriptive Essay, Descriptiv

Our Mountain Cabin The ruckus from the bottom of the truck is unbearable, because of the noise and excessive shaking. As we slowly climbed the mountain road to reach our lovely cabin, it seemed almost impossible to reach the top, but every time we reached it safely. The rocks and deep potholes shook the truck and the people in it, like a paint mixer. Every window in the truck was rolled down so we could have some leverage to hold on and not loose our grip we needed so greatly. The fresh clean mountain air entered the truck; it smelt as if we were lost: nowhere close to home. It was a feeling of relief to get away from all the problems at home. The road was deeply covered with huge pines and baby aspen trees. Closely examining the surrounding, it looks as if it did the last time we were up here. We slowly crept around the corner, finally sneaking a peek at our cabin. As I hopped out of the front seat of the truck, a sharp sense of loneliness came over me. I looked around and saw nothing but the leaves on the trees glittering from the constant blowing wind. Catching myself standing staring around me at all the beautiful trees, I noticed that the trees have not changed at all, but still stand tall and as close as usual. I realized that the trees surrounding the cabin are similar to the being of my family: the feelings of never being parted when were all together staying at our cabin. As I walked closer to the cabin, which has been abandoned since last summer, I noticed certain materials are stored away, for the winter, such as the grill, which is taken off the hinges around the fire pit, and put underneath the cabin deck. The canoe is upside down and tightly snugged underneath the cabin deck. I also noticed the picnic tab... ...ing used to them not living with me for college, I've realized that the cabin reassures the family bond, we have so greatly between each other, and gives the family hope that we can always have a place where the family, as one, is welcomed. Although we live in different cities, this place gives me the belief that my family will always be there. When the whole family is up at the cabin, it seems as if nothing has changed, as if the pine trees have not grown apart, or any taller. Th pine trees drop their children (pinecones) right next to the parent, never being able to leave. This symbolizes the feeling I get about my family while being up in the mountains at our cabin. We then turned off the driveway, making sure to roll down our windows, so we can breathe the fresh mountain air, at least until the next time we come back, and once again start the bumpy road home.

Dougy by James Moloney

The novel ‘Dougy' by James Moloney is intended to capture the attention of young readers. It talks about Racial Conflict, Racial Discrimination, Family support, and Determination which is experienced by all the people in the world especially in multi-cultural countries. The story also deals with a range of issues facing Aboriginal society. It tells the readers the fear and misunderstanding between Aboriginals and white Australians that has existed for decades. In the first chapter of the novel, the first sentence says â€Å"There's always one picture in my head when I think about what happened to our town. It shows that the story is shaped from Dougy's own perspective because of the use of first person â€Å"I†. This technique is used so that it makes us feel that Dougy is talking to us and making us part of the story. He also uses colloquial language to communicate with young readers. In this chapter, Dougy talks about his family and the Moodagudda. Much of this story revolves around the retelling of the Aboriginal legend of the Moodagudda, an evil spirit that lives in the nearby river.Dougy is a thirteen year old aboriginal boy who lives in a small Queensland town comprised of both black and white communities where racism is the main cause of all conflicts. The Aboriginals live mainly in houses that are financed by the government which causes some angst amongst the whites. Although there is an uneasy harmony in place, there is an obvious division between the two cultures. In the beginning of the novel where we first met Dougy, he introduced himself with the use of language with negative connotations that shows his feelings of worthlessness, â€Å"My name's Dougy.I'm nobody much†. It shows that Dougy has a very low self-esteem. He sees himself as a â€Å"nobody† and believes that he is â€Å"irrelevant† in this world. He also criticises his poor academic ability and social skills by saying ‘I am not good in reading nor writing eh! Not much good at anything. ’ He doesn't play with others near the river and is quiet. Dougy's way of introducing himself shows that there is a need for change but even though he isn't good at reading and writing, he understands relationships and has insight.Thus enables him to be a good storyteller. He has an older brother and sister. His sister, Gracey, is fourteen years old and she's the fastest girl across the ground. Raymond is their older brother. They live with their mother. Their father is a drunkard who lives a nomadic lifestyle and only comes home about once or twice a year. Dougy and Gracey don’t know much of their ancestral heritage. They are Aborigines who seem to know nothing about the legends and culture of their ancestry.The conflicts and racism all began when Gracey got free money from the government to go to the state championships. This made all the white people angry because the government never gives them free money. They have to work ha rd for it while the aboriginals get things for nothing. That is the reason why the whites hate the black people. Despite all the racism and oppression, Dougy remains strong and accepts the challenges of life. When you read the novel, you'll see that the story is all about racism but if you excavate further, you'll see other strong messages come across.Some of the messages are about finding yourself, appreciating all the things that we have, and lastly, having an open mind. In conclusion, a study of change allows us to expand and broaden our understanding of the concept and related issues that are relevant to change. Change is a process which is inevitable and can occur on a number of interrelated levels. The process can be made through one's choice which can lead to either a positive or negative effect and can influence the lives of other people or the whole society.

Crash and Privilege, Power, and Difference

Matthew Miller Paper #1: Privilege, Power, and Difference* and *Crash The Movie Crashis set in Los Angeles and begins when several people are involved in a multi-car accident. From there the movie skips to the day before where we see the lives of several of the characters who were involved in the crash and the racial problems they encounter that day. The moviebegins by showing an Islamic man and his daughter going into a gun shop to by a gun. When the Islamic man speaks in a different language to his daughter the store clerk says to him â€Å"Hey Osama, plan your Jihad on your own time. An argument ensues and the daughter ends up staying in the store and buying the gun, and instead of bullets she accidentally buys blanks asammo, however the clerk does not tell her this. The movie then skips to a couple of young black men who are complaining about the service they received at a restaurant. One of them says it is because of the stereotype that blacks don’t tip very well, and th ensays that he didn’t tip anything because of the poor service. As the two black men are walking down the street they come across a white politician and his wife. When the politician’s wife sees the black men coming towards them she gets closer to her husband. One of the black men noticesthis and points it out. Shortly after they pass each other the young black men steal the white couples’ car at gunpoint. The politician’s wife is really upset about being carjacked and has all of the locks in their house changed. When the locksmith comes and she sees that he is Hispanic she takes her anger out on him. The movie then shows a white LAPD officer who is trying to get medical help for his ailing father. The officeris having problems with a black clerk who won’t give the officers father permission to see another doctor. The white officer takes his frustration out on a black couple during a traffic stop and ends up sexually assaulting the woman. Next the Persian from the beginning of the movie calls the Hispanic locksmith to have him fix the lock at the shop that he owns. The Hispanic locksmith tells the Persian that he changed the lock but it wouldn’t do any good because he needs to replace the door. The Persian gets mad and tells the locksmith to fix the door and the locksmith said that he doesn’t do that, he just fixes locks. The Persian shopkeeper gets really mad about this. Shortly after this,the Persian man’s shop is robbed, and because he didn’t replace the door insurance will not cover the damage. The Persian man is extremely upset about this and blames it on the Mexican Locksmith. The white police officer has another run in with the HMO clerk. The white police officer basically tells the clerk that she only got that job because of affirmative action and that she probably beat out eightmore qualified white men for the job. He also tells her that despite the fact that his father’s janitorial service employed only black men he was forced out of business by affirmative action laws. The movie then goes to the crash where the black lady that was assaulted earlier in the movieis trapped in her car and surrounded by gasoline. It is only a matter of time before the car will explode and the first officer on the scene is the white officer who assaulted her earlier. The black lady initially tells him to go away, but he is very nice to her and ensures her that he is only trying to save her. He pulls her out of the car just before the car explodes. The movie then shows the Hispanic locksmith getting home from work, where he is then approached by the angry Persian shopkeeper, who blames him for his store being robbed and pulls a gun on him. The Hispanic locksmith’s daughter sees the gun pulled on her dad and runs in front of him just before the Persian man pulls the trigger. The shot is fired and everyone thinks the young girl has been shot, but since the Persian man’s daughter accidentally bought blanks in the beginning of themovie the young girl is fine. The movie ends with one of the young black hijackers being shot by the partner of the racist white police officer over some confusion. The first time I saw Crash my initial response was that the movie is incredibly sad. It is upsetting that so many of the racial issues we are faced with today stem from ignorance and fear. Part of me thinks this movie goes a little overboard with the racism issues in the movie because I don’t know if it is likely that so many people’s paths would cross in such a way where so many of them have such deep rooted racism and misunderstanding. It almost seems like the movie takes the racial stereotypes a little too far, but I think that was the point. It shows stereotyping and racism to an extreme and it makes you think that these peoples’ actions are ridiculous. I don’t think most of us are racist to the degree that is shown in the movie, but showing it to such an extreme really makes you aware of how ignorant racism is on any level. While the movie takes these examples to extremes, I do think a lot of the racial issues that occurred in the movie do happen on a regular basis, the movie just ties themtogether in the span of two hours to make a movie. At first I thought this was a little too much, but now I get the point of it. I really think the point of this movie was to raise awareness of the problem because awareness is a major step in the right direction towards solving the problem. One thing that stuck out to me because I’ve heard a lot about it is in the beginning of the movie when the young black men are talking about the poor service they received and that it was because of the stereotype that black people don’t tip very well. I have been dating a server for a few years, and she really isn’t racist at all, but she says this is true. She says she hates it because anytime she is serving a table of black people this stereotypegoes through her head and she hates thinking that but it’s true. I seriously doubt she is a person who would ever give them poor service because of the stereotype but I am sure that in some cases that happens. I think sometimes stereotypes are reinforced because of people’s preconceived thoughts. I am sure there are cases where a table of black people may receive poor service because the server assumes the table will tip poorly and then because the table receives poor service they probably do tip poorly, and the stereotype is reinforced. I thought the movie Crash and the book Privilege, Power, and Differencewere similar in many ways, but also very different in some ways as well. I think both the book and the movie take racial issues to extremes. I think they both do this to raise awareness of the important issues. In the book Johnson states â€Å"People can’t help fearing the unfamiliar—including people of other races† (2006, p. 4), Johnson goes on to say this isn’t necessarily true, but I think the movie tries to highlight this aspect of the problem. In the movie when the politician and his wife are walking down the street, the wife gets closer to her husband when the young black men approach because she is afraid of them. She is a person that has probably not dealt with very many you black men and sheprobably thinks that all young black men are criminals. In the movie she turns out to be right about these two menand is carjacked by them, but real life isn’t really that way. At some points I thought the movie kind of reinforced negative stereotypes like the young black men stealing the white couple’s car after she seemed racist for thinking they would do that. The book talks a lot about white racism and makes it sound as if it is white privilege that is holding back black people. I think the movie does a better job of showing racism from all aspects. The movie makes it seem like all races are racist against races other than their own, while concentrating heavily on the relationship between whites and blacks. In the movie one of the young thieves says that he would never rob a black person, and goes on and on about how white people hold black people down. Another important issue that the movie brought up is affirmative action laws. The white police officer who is dealing with the black HMO clerk brings up the issue in an argument with her. I think obviously the officer is out of line with what he says,however he brings up a pretty good point. The book goes on and on about the advantages of be â€Å"privileged†. When Johnson talks about the â€Å"privileged† he is referring to white men. Johnson says that the privileged have access to better jobs and will usually be hired instead of a black person or a woman. He is completely ignoring the affirmative action laws when he states this. Johnson states that â€Å"watching movies and television the message came across loud and clear that white men are the most important people on the planet† (2006, p. 79). I think the idea of the white man being â€Å"ideal† can be seen in the movie. When the black couple is arguing after the woman is sexually assaulted by the white police officer , the women says to her husband, you didn’t want to do anything because you didn’t want your name to be in the paper and all of your friends to know you really are black. I think she is implying to him that he hangs around with all white directors and acts white like them so that he will be more successful, but in the process has lost his â€Å"blackness†. Overall I thought both the book and the movie do a good job of raising awareness of the many racial issues that we are face with. They both take these racial issues to an extreme to make it clear that they do exist to a large extent. I thought the movie did a better job of giving a realistic portrayal of racism from all sides while the book seemed to be stuck on the concept of â€Å"white racism†. White racism† is certainly not a topic to be ignored and if you want to understand the racial issues we are faced with today it is not a bad place to start. However, the race issue runs much deeper than just white racism and can really be seen in cultures all around the world. I thought that Crash did a really good job of showing racism, and the negative affect it has in our society. Bi bliography Haggis, Paul (2004). Crash.